{"id":2452,"date":"2021-05-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-01T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carnegie25live.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=2452"},"modified":"2025-12-17T02:17:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T10:17:21","slug":"the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/","title":{"rendered":"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9f092ff3\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f749780f\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-76d64e57\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"263\" height=\"350\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-76d64e57\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"NIC_Framework_cover-263x350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png 263w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1-225x300.png 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:16px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:16px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:16px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3509cf4d\">\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7f1386da gb-headline-text dcs_blueChevron dcs_removeTransform\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The_Social_Structure_of_Networked_Improvement_Communities.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Purchase<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:64px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:64px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:64px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-d723643c gb-headline-text\">May 2021 | Written by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?post_type=fellows&amp;p=2452\">Jennifer Russell<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?post_type=fellows&amp;p=11876\">Anthony S. Bryk<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?post_type=fellows&amp;p=4324\">Donald J. Peurach<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/about-us\/staff-directory\/david-sherer\/\">David Sherer<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?post_type=bio&amp;p=1072\">Paul LeMahieu<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?post_type=bio&amp;p=3690\">Edit Khachatryan<\/a>, Jennifer Z. Sherer, Maggie Hannan\u00a0| Published by Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A burgeoning set of education-related organizations join networks each year, reflecting a shared belief that problems in education are too complex for any one educator or organization to solve on their own and that collaboration can support educational improvement. The goal of this paper is to describe how networked improvement communities (NICs) create a social structure to catalyze the type of community that can solve complex problems. We draw from prior theorizing, the research literature on network and learning community development, and observations of developing NICs to articulate a framework for network development. The framework is intended to be an analytic tool for thinking and reasoning about NIC emergence and maturation.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:80px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:80px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:80px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e3118763 alignfull\">\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:56px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:56px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:56px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0130b7b6\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-15957be1 gb-headline-text\">You Might Like<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-bddfab04\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-11a71804\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-11a71804\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-5555fe34 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-fa6cb64e gb-query-loop-item post-3437 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news tag-featured\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fa6cb64e\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/carnegie-foundation-and-ets-release-skills-progressions-for-collaboration-communication-and-critical-thinking\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7a7e21e1\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-29525fe2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"822\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px.png\" class=\"gb-image-29525fe2\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px.png 822w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px-768x462.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d509fede\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-03c3d1f8 gb-headline-text\">Carnegie Foundation and ETS Release Skills Progressions for Collaboration, Communication and Critical Thinking\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-9fa906de dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/carnegie-foundation-and-ets-release-skills-progressions-for-collaboration-communication-and-critical-thinking\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9595ddd7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9595ddd7\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-cd24ae20 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-523c835e gb-query-loop-item post-3745 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-media tag-featured\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-523c835e\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/rising-demand-for-career-education-prompts-college-board-to-expand-its-footprint\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8a608c3d\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-0004511f\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"822\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Education-Week.jpg\" class=\"gb-image-0004511f\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Education-Week.jpg 822w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Education-Week-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Education-Week-768x462.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fbdded7a\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b6bee17e gb-headline-text\">Rising Demand for Career Education Prompts College Board to Expand Its Footprint<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f50001e0 dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/rising-demand-for-career-education-prompts-college-board-to-expand-its-footprint\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-3b1234bf\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3b1234bf\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-b1bd1865 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-78bd1b01 gb-query-loop-item post-3928 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-stories tag-featured tag-opportunity-colleges-and-universitites\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-78bd1b01\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/opportunity-colleges-and-universities-series-university-of-illinois-chicago-profile\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6aea97cb\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-3d8b82a2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1081\" height=\"665\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1.jpg\" class=\"gb-image-3d8b82a2\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1.jpg 1081w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1-1024x630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1-768x472.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1081px) 100vw, 1081px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b7d77a93\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-00ebe497 gb-headline-text\">Opportunity Colleges and Universities Series: University of Illinois Chicago Profile<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7a9d3f01 dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/opportunity-colleges-and-universities-series-university-of-illinois-chicago-profile\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6e4c6215\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6e4c6215\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-140a62b5 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-467ccb83 gb-query-loop-item post-1066 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-video tag-featured tag-future tag-higher-education\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-467ccb83\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/podcast-the-next-50-years-of-higher-ed-what-leaders-need-to-know\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8d506024\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-1f9cf2fe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"822\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years.png\" class=\"gb-image-1f9cf2fe\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years.png 822w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years-768x462.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-48f520c9\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ee1ac036 gb-headline-text\">Podcast: The Next 50 Years of Higher Ed \u2013 What Leaders Need to Know<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-1f666cd2 dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/podcast-the-next-50-years-of-higher-ed-what-leaders-need-to-know\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:100px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:100px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:100px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Purchase May 2021 | Written by\u00a0Jennifer Russell,\u00a0Anthony S. Bryk,\u00a0Donald J. Peurach,\u00a0David Sherer,\u00a0Paul LeMahieu,\u00a0Edit Khachatryan, Jennifer Z. Sherer, Maggie Hannan\u00a0| Published &#8230; <a title=\"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2453,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ghostkit_customizer_options":"","ghostkit_custom_css":"","ghostkit_custom_js_head":"","ghostkit_custom_js_foot":"","ghostkit_typography":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"client_controls":[],"class_list":["post-2452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recommended-readings"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Purchase May 2021 | Written by\u00a0Jennifer Russell,\u00a0Anthony S. Bryk,\u00a0Donald J. Peurach,\u00a0David Sherer,\u00a0Paul LeMahieu,\u00a0Edit Khachatryan, Jennifer Z. Sherer, Maggie Hannan\u00a0| Published ... Read more\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/carnegie.foundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-05-01T07:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-17T10:17:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"263\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"DCTeamMember\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CarnegieFdn\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CarnegieFdn\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"DCTeamMember\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"DCTeamMember\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/person\/786b3dfd6e33675205fc8c0c7265ac97\"},\"headline\":\"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-01T07:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-17T10:17:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\"},\"wordCount\":158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Recommended Readings\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\",\"name\":\"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-01T07:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-17T10:17:21+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png\",\"width\":263,\"height\":350},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/\",\"name\":\"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Logo-Edit-MC.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Logo-Edit-MC.svg\",\"width\":249,\"height\":46,\"caption\":\"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/carnegie.foundation\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/CarnegieFdn\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/person\/786b3dfd6e33675205fc8c0c7265ac97\",\"name\":\"DCTeamMember\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ce85f35a162321f61ed6a0119f1614b1ff9d50ca535d4dc58e85430ae60d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ce85f35a162321f61ed6a0119f1614b1ff9d50ca535d4dc58e85430ae60d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"DCTeamMember\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/author\/dcteammember\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","og_description":"Purchase May 2021 | Written by\u00a0Jennifer Russell,\u00a0Anthony S. Bryk,\u00a0Donald J. Peurach,\u00a0David Sherer,\u00a0Paul LeMahieu,\u00a0Edit Khachatryan, Jennifer Z. Sherer, Maggie Hannan\u00a0| Published ... Read more","og_url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/","og_site_name":"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/carnegie.foundation\/","article_published_time":"2021-05-01T07:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-17T10:17:21+00:00","og_image":[{"width":263,"height":350,"url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"DCTeamMember","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@CarnegieFdn","twitter_site":"@CarnegieFdn","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"DCTeamMember","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/"},"author":{"name":"DCTeamMember","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/person\/786b3dfd6e33675205fc8c0c7265ac97"},"headline":"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community","datePublished":"2021-05-01T07:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-17T10:17:21+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/"},"wordCount":158,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png","articleSection":["Recommended Readings"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/","url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/","name":"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png","datePublished":"2021-05-01T07:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-17T10:17:21+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/NIC_Framework_cover-263x350-1.png","width":263,"height":350},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/the-social-structure-of-networked-improvement-communities-cultivating-the-emergence-of-a-scientific-professional-learning-community\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Social Structure of Networked Improvement Communities: Cultivating the Emergence of a Scientific-Professional Learning Community"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/","name":"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#organization","name":"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Logo-Edit-MC.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Logo-Edit-MC.svg","width":249,"height":46,"caption":"Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/carnegie.foundation\/","https:\/\/x.com\/CarnegieFdn"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/person\/786b3dfd6e33675205fc8c0c7265ac97","name":"DCTeamMember","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ce85f35a162321f61ed6a0119f1614b1ff9d50ca535d4dc58e85430ae60d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ce85f35a162321f61ed6a0119f1614b1ff9d50ca535d4dc58e85430ae60d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"DCTeamMember"},"url":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/author\/dcteammember\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2452\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2453"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2452"},{"taxonomy":"client_controls","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/client_controls?post=2452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}