{"id":1215,"date":"2025-10-17T12:00:27","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T19:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carnegie25live.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=1215"},"modified":"2026-01-20T14:41:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T22:41:15","slug":"academic-knowledge-or-durable-skills-why-not-both","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/academic-knowledge-or-durable-skills-why-not-both\/","title":{"rendered":"Academic Knowledge or Durable Skills? Why Not Both?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9f092ff3\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f749780f\">\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-76d64e57\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2016\" height=\"1345\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-76d64e57\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Academic-Knowledge-or-Durable-Skills-Why-Not-Both.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Academic Knowledge or Durable Skills? Why Not Both?\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Academic-Knowledge-or-Durable-Skills-Why-Not-Both.jpg 2016w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Academic-Knowledge-or-Durable-Skills-Why-Not-Both-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Academic-Knowledge-or-Durable-Skills-Why-Not-Both-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Academic-Knowledge-or-Durable-Skills-Why-Not-Both-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Academic-Knowledge-or-Durable-Skills-Why-Not-Both-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2016px) 100vw, 2016px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/carnegie-foundation-welcomes-brooke-stafford-brizard-as-vice-president-for-innovation-and-impact\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1467\">Brooke Stafford-Brizard<\/a> | SVP, Impact and Innovation, Carnegie Foundation<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>As employers across the country continue to struggle to find workers with the skills to meet their talent needs, an important question keeps surfacing: should educators prioritize academic knowledge or durable skills?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent years, the pendulum has swung decidedly toward durable skills, after decades of academic and technical knowledge being viewed as the hallmark of rigor and prerequisites for success after high school. Today, more than half the nation\u2019s states have proposed a vision for commencement level success that is inclusive of the traditional diploma, and expands beyond it to represent skills that reflect the growing demand from parents, educators, community members, and workforce for high school graduates to be skilled in competencies like communication, problem-solving, and teamwork. Conversely, critics suggest that the focus on skills is misguided, ignoring the value and importance of developing academic skills and knowledge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we frame the skills vs knowledge debate as a simple binary \u2013 an either\/or \u2013 we lose sight of the real point. The dichotomy is false. In reality, academic knowledge and durable skills are deeply intertwined. Essential skills are developed through rigorous, experiential academic pursuits. Consider a high school student learning to master persuasive writing. This is an academic exercise, and serves as a real-world lesson in effective communication. Likewise, a STEM project that requires students to collaborate, analyze data, and present findings is both an academic pursuit and an exercise in building problem-solving and teamwork skills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clearly, the demand for these skills in the workforce is real. Employers want to hire people who can demonstrate durable skills in complex and evolving contexts. This requires a more sophisticated understanding of durable skills, not as standalone traits, nor qualities built in isolation, but as essential competencies that develop alongside deep academic engagement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research on human development reinforces this idea. Learning doesn\u2019t happen in silos. The cognitive and social-emotional aspects of learning are fundamentally linked, shaping how students absorb information, apply knowledge, and navigate complex challenges. In K-12 schools, for example, student development unfolds within the social context of a classroom through relationships between teachers, peers, and other adults who shape their learning experiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Skills such as problem solving, effective communication and curiosity are not ancillary to learning; they are driving forces. When students set goals, grapple with tough questions and ambiguity, and build understanding in collaborative efforts with peers, they are experiencing education grounded in learning science. When students iterate based on feedback or reflect on their own progress, they are simultaneously deepening both their academic knowledge and their capacity to navigate and deliver on complex tasks. This is exactly the kind of preparation required to succeed in both college and career.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When educators design learning experiences where students can safely grapple with complexity, navigate ambiguity, and process failure as a learning opportunity, we are preparing those students with the skills that the workforce is demanding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some states and schools are beginning to embrace this interconnected model. Take Indiana\u2019s new high school diploma, which balances workforce skills with college preparedness, rather than treating them as competing priorities. Or the \u201cPortrait of a Graduate\u201d framework, now adopted by half of our states, which integrates academic rigor with skills-based learning to prepare students for both higher education and career pathways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, the Carnegie Foundation\u2019s new research and development agenda for high school transformation calls for reimagining the secondary school experience to better integrate academic learning with the development of durable skills. This agenda is being activated within our Future of High School Network\u2014a group of two dozen pioneering school systems serving nearly 90,000 students\u2014where communities are already testing bold ideas, learning in real time, and showing what it takes to build schools that prepare all students for the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While there is still much to be learned about how to measure and validate durable skills, these approaches recognize that success, whether in college or the workforce, requires both a strong academic foundation and the ability to apply that knowledge in dynamic, real-world contexts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If we want to prepare students to thrive in college, career, and beyond, we will need to move past outdated discussions that force a choice between academic knowledge and practical skills. Instead, we should embrace an integrated approach that reflects how learning actually happens\u2014through the seamless combination of knowledge, skill development, and real-world application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By rethinking how we frame this debate\u2014or better yet, recognizing it needn\u2019t be a debate at all\u2014we can build a system of education that equips all students to thrive in their lives after graduation.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:80px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:80px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:80px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e3118763 alignfull\">\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:56px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:56px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:56px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0130b7b6\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-15957be1 gb-headline-text\">You Might Like<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-bddfab04\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-11a71804\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-11a71804\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-5555fe34 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-fa6cb64e gb-query-loop-item post-3437 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news tag-featured\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fa6cb64e\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/carnegie-foundation-and-ets-release-skills-progressions-for-collaboration-communication-and-critical-thinking\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7a7e21e1\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-29525fe2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"822\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px.png\" class=\"gb-image-29525fe2\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px.png 822w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Skills-Prog-822x484px-768x462.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d509fede\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-03c3d1f8 gb-headline-text\">Carnegie Foundation and ETS Release Skills Progressions for Collaboration, Communication and Critical Thinking\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-9fa906de dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/carnegie-foundation-and-ets-release-skills-progressions-for-collaboration-communication-and-critical-thinking\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9595ddd7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9595ddd7\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-cd24ae20 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-523c835e gb-query-loop-item post-3745 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-media tag-featured\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-523c835e\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" 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Board to Expand Its Footprint<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f50001e0 dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/rising-demand-for-career-education-prompts-college-board-to-expand-its-footprint\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-3b1234bf\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3b1234bf\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-b1bd1865 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-78bd1b01 gb-query-loop-item post-3928 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-stories tag-featured tag-opportunity-colleges-and-universitites\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-78bd1b01\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/opportunity-colleges-and-universities-series-university-of-illinois-chicago-profile\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6aea97cb\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-3d8b82a2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1081\" height=\"665\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1.jpg\" class=\"gb-image-3d8b82a2\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1.jpg 1081w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1-1024x630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/OCU-Profiles-Social-UIC-1-768x472.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1081px) 100vw, 1081px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b7d77a93\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-00ebe497 gb-headline-text\">Opportunity Colleges and Universities Series: University of Illinois Chicago Profile<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-7a9d3f01 dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/opportunity-colleges-and-universities-series-university-of-illinois-chicago-profile\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6e4c6215\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6e4c6215\">\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-140a62b5 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-467ccb83 gb-query-loop-item post-1066 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-video tag-featured tag-future tag-higher-education\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-467ccb83\"><a class=\"gb-container-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/podcast-the-next-50-years-of-higher-ed-what-leaders-need-to-know\/\"><\/a>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8d506024\">\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-1f9cf2fe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"822\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years.png\" class=\"gb-image-1f9cf2fe\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years.png 822w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thumbnail-Next-50-Years-768x462.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-48f520c9\">\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-ee1ac036 gb-headline-text\">Podcast: The Next 50 Years of Higher Ed \u2013 What Leaders Need to Know<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-1f666cd2 dcs_blueChevron gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/podcast-the-next-50-years-of-higher-ed-what-leaders-need-to-know\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-fsb-flexible-spacer fsb-flexible-spacer\"><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--lg\" style=\"height:100px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--md\" style=\"height:100px\"><\/div><div class=\"fsb-flexible-spacer__device fsb-flexible-spacer__device--sm\" style=\"height:100px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Brooke Stafford-Brizard | SVP, Impact and Innovation, Carnegie Foundation As employers across the country continue to struggle to find &#8230; <a title=\"Academic Knowledge or Durable Skills? Why Not Both?\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/academic-knowledge-or-durable-skills-why-not-both\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Academic Knowledge or Durable Skills? Why Not Both?\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2789,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ghostkit_customizer_options":"","ghostkit_custom_css":"","ghostkit_custom_js_head":"","ghostkit_custom_js_foot":"","ghostkit_typography":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[58,16,29],"client_controls":[],"class_list":["post-1215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stories","tag-academics","tag-featured","tag-skills"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Academic Knowledge or Durable Skills? Why Not Both? - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carnegiefoundation.org\/academic-knowledge-or-durable-skills-why-not-both\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Academic Knowledge or Durable Skills? Why Not Both? - Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"by Brooke Stafford-Brizard | SVP, Impact and Innovation, Carnegie Foundation As employers across the country continue to struggle to find ... 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